The light that our eyes can detect is just a small part of the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum, a continuum of all EM waves arranged according to frequency and wavelength. There seem to be no upper and lower limits to the frequency or wavelength of EM waves and no gaps in the spectrum.
All EM waves travel at the speed of light c, in a vacuum.
EM waves are described by any of the following three physical properties that are all interrelated:
- their frequency f,
- their wavelength λ, or
- their photon energy E.
The Planck length, defined from the speed of light in a vacuum c, the Planck constant h, and the gravitational constant G, is about 10-20 times the diameter of a proton. If a particle or dot about 0.1 mm in size, the smallest the unaided human eye can see, were magnified to be as large as the observable universe, then inside that universe-sized "dot", the Planck length would be roughly the size of an actual 0.1 mm dot. This is the granularity of space.
The frequency f, and the wavelength λ of light are related by f=c/λ. The photon energy E and the wavelength λ of light are related by E=fh. The higher the frequency of an EM wave, the higher is its photon energy and the shorter is its wavelength. The energy of light "E" multiplied by its wavelength "λ" is a constant "hc" as seen by the equation hc=E λ. You can imagine that the quanta of light, the constant "hc", is a container with the volume "Eλ". This allows a continuum like E and λ to be quantized as hc. The higher the E, the longer the λ.
EM waves require a medium to wave just like water waves and sound waves requires molecules to wave. Without this medium in vacuum, it is concluded that light must be composed of particles called photons that are able to travel thru emptiness. Once we assume that vacuum is filled with aether, then there is no need for photons as particles. The light waves become just waves of aether.
EM waves of any frequency are emitted and absorbed in discrete packets, also called photons. When a photon hits an electron, it pushes it up away from the nucleus. When that electron falls back down, it emits a photon. This packet of radiation can be considered as a complete cycle of its frequency.
Sub atomic particles exhibit properties of not only particles, but also of waves. This is because they are so small in size and can be made to vibrate at speeds approaching the speed of light, causing waves in the aether when they do. The speed of light in a vacuum is determined by the properties of the aether and it is nearly 300,000km/s. The sun travels about 300km/s thru our galaxy. Galaxies are moving about 600km/s thru our universe, or about 0.2% of the speed of light.
This relatively slow speed compared to the speed of light makes the molecules on earth behave as particles and not as waves. Atoms, molecules and everything else they group into are virtually motionless in the aether and thus exhibit only properties of particles.
The detection of the Higg Boson a few years ago was the first step in detecting the aether which accounts for the known properties of the vacuum. It will be one day seen that the vacuum of space is filled with an aether with a density of a thick liquid syrup. Mass in the form of protons and electrons which suck in and pump out this aether will be seen as near empty bubbles, like air bubbles moving within this syrup emitting EM waves.
THE END
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